{"id":4478,"date":"2025-07-06T20:09:07","date_gmt":"2025-07-06T11:09:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/?p=4478"},"modified":"2026-06-06T09:12:55","modified_gmt":"2026-06-06T00:12:55","slug":"whev8k8vghlgx1z","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/index.php\/2025\/07\/06\/whev8k8vghlgx1z\/","title":{"rendered":"\u4f7f\u7528 Fail2ban \u589e\u5f3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u5b89\u5168\uff1a\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u4e0e\u6076\u610f\u8bbf\u95ee"},"content":{"rendered":"\n

Fail2ban<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 Linux \u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177<\/strong>\uff0c\u4e13\u4e3a\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u548c\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5c01\u7981\u591a\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002Fail2ban \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u62a4 SSH\u3001HTTP \u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u514d\u53d7\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u3001DDoS \u653b\u51fb\u3001\u6076\u610f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7b49\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd Fail2ban<\/strong> \u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fail2ban \u5b89\u88c5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0cFail2ban<\/strong> \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728 Debian\/Ubuntu<\/strong> \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n

sudo apt update
sudo apt install fail2ban
<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5bf9\u4e8e CentOS\/RHEL<\/strong> \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
sudo yum install fail2ban
<\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0cFail2ban<\/strong> \u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u4f4d\u4e8e \/etc\/fail2ban<\/code> \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
\u914d\u7f6e Fail2ban<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
1. jail.conf<\/code> \u548c jail.local<\/code><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
Fail2ban<\/strong> \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u662f jail.conf<\/code>\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86 Fail2ban \u76d1\u63a7\u7684 \u201cjails\u201d<\/strong> \u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u6bcf\u4e2a jail<\/strong> \u5bf9\u5e94\u4e00\u4e2a\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5982 SSH\u3001Apache\u3001Nginx \u7b49\uff09\uff0cFail2ban \u4f1a\u76d1\u63a7\u8be5\u670d\u52a1\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c01\u7981\u89e6\u53d1\u89c4\u5219\u7684 IP\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    \n
  • jail.conf<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4e0d\u76f4\u63a5\u4fee\u6539\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • jail.local<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u8fd9\u91cc\u8986\u76d6\u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u3002\u8fd9\u6837\uff0c\u5728 Fail2ban<\/strong> \u66f4\u65b0\u65f6\uff0cjail.conf<\/code> \u4e0d\u4f1a\u88ab\u8986\u76d6\uff0c\u6240\u6709\u7684\u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u4fdd\u5b58\u5728 jail.local<\/code> \u4e2d\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
    \u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u793a\u4f8b\uff08jail.local<\/code>\uff09\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
    [sshd]
    enabled = true
    port    = ssh
    logpath = \/var\/log\/auth.log
    maxretry = 3
    bantime = 600
    findtime = 600
    <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • enabled<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u662f\u5426\u542f\u7528\u8be5 jail\uff08true \u8868\u793a\u542f\u7528\uff0cfalse \u8868\u793a\u7981\u7528\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • port<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u7aef\u53e3\uff0c\u8fd9\u91cc\u662f SSH \u7684\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • logpath<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u9700\u8981\u76d1\u63a7\u7684\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0cFail2ban \u4f1a\u6839\u636e\u8be5\u65e5\u5fd7\u6765\u5224\u65ad\u662f\u5426\u6709\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u884c\u4e3a\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • maxretry<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5728 findtime<\/strong> \u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\u5185\u5141\u8bb8\u7684\u6700\u5927\u5931\u8d25\u5c1d\u8bd5\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u6b21\u6570\u540e\u89e6\u53d1\u5c01\u7981\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • bantime<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u5c01\u7981\u65f6\u95f4\uff0c\u5355\u4f4d\u4e3a\u79d2\u3002\u6b64\u5904\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e3a 10 \u5206\u949f\uff08600 \u79d2\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • findtime<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u65f6\u95f4\u7a97\u53e3\uff0c\u5728\u6b64\u7a97\u53e3\u5185\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u884c\u4e3a\u4f1a\u88ab\u8ba1\u6570\u3002\u5982\u679c\u5931\u8d25\u6b21\u6570\u8d85\u8fc7 maxretry<\/strong>\uff0c\u5219\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u5c01\u7981\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
      2. \u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e [DEFAULT]<\/code><\/strong><\/h4>\n\n\n\n
      [DEFAULT]<\/code> \u90e8\u5206\u662f\u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u6240\u6709 jails\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\u9879\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
      [DEFAULT]
      bantime  = 10m
      findtime = 10m
      maxretry = 5
      ignoreip = 127.0.0.1\/8 ::1
      <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
        \n
      • bantime<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u5c01\u7981\u65f6\u95f4\uff08\u6b64\u5904\u4e3a 10 \u5206\u949f\uff09\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • findtime<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u5728\u591a\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u5185\u5bf9\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u8fdb\u884c\u76d1\u63a7\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • maxretry<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u9650\u5236\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u6b21\u6570\uff0c\u8d85\u8fc7\u8be5\u6b21\u6570\u540e\u4f1a\u89e6\u53d1\u5c01\u7981\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
      • ignoreip<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u4e0d\u88ab\u5c01\u7981\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f1a\u8bbe\u7f6e\u672c\u5730 IP \u5730\u5740\uff08\u5982 127.0.0.1<\/code>\uff09\u4e0d\u88ab\u5c01\u7981\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
        \u52a8\u4f5c\u4e0e\u8b66\u62a5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
        Fail2ban \u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u591a\u79cd\u52a8\u4f5c\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u89e6\u53d1\u5c01\u7981\u65f6\u6267\u884c\u989d\u5916\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982\u53d1\u9001\u901a\u77e5\u3001\u8bb0\u5f55\u65e5\u5fd7\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u7528\u7684\u52a8\u4f5c\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
        action_ = iptables-multiport
        action_mw = %(action_)s
                    sendmail-whois[sender=\"%(sender)s\", dest=\"%(destemail)s\", protocol=\"%(protocol)s\"]
        <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
          \n
        • action_<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u6307\u5b9a\u9ed8\u8ba4\u7684\u5c01\u7981\u52a8\u4f5c\uff0c\u901a\u5e38\u4f7f\u7528 iptables-multiport<\/code> \u6765\u5c01\u7981\u591a\u7aef\u53e3\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • action_mw<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u5c01\u7981\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u5e26\u6709 WHOIS \u4fe1\u606f\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
        • action_mwl<\/code><\/strong>\uff1a\u5c01\u7981\u5e76\u53d1\u9001\u5e26\u6709 WHOIS \u4fe1\u606f\u548c\u65e5\u5fd7\u7684\u90ae\u4ef6\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
          \u8fdb\u9636\u914d\u7f6e\uff1a\u9632\u706b\u5899\u4e0e\u901a\u77e5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
          Fail2ban \u7684\u914d\u7f6e\u53ef\u4ee5\u96c6\u6210\u4e00\u4e9b\u66f4\u590d\u6742\u7684\u9632\u706b\u5899\u8bbe\u7f6e\u4e0e\u901a\u77e5\u529f\u80fd\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \n
          • \u5c01\u7981\u7279\u5b9a\u533a\u57df\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740<\/strong>\uff1a\u53ef\u4ee5\u914d\u7f6e Fail2ban<\/strong> \u53ea\u5141\u8bb8\u6765\u81ea\u7279\u5b9a\u533a\u57df\u7684\u8bbf\u95ee\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u6216\u8005\u5c01\u7981\u67d0\u4e9b\u533a\u57df\u7684 IP\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
          • \u90ae\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5<\/strong>\uff1aFail2ban \u53ef\u4ee5\u5728\u5c01\u7981\u67d0\u4e2a IP \u65f6\u53d1\u9001\u90ae\u4ef6\u901a\u77e5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u53ca\u65f6\u53d1\u73b0\u6f5c\u5728\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5a01\u80c1\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n
            \u542f\u52a8\u548c\u7ba1\u7406 Fail2ban<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            \u914d\u7f6e\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u542f\u52a8 Fail2ban<\/strong> \u670d\u52a1\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            sudo systemctl start fail2ban
            <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \u8981\u8bbe\u7f6e\u5f00\u673a\u81ea\u52a8\u542f\u52a8\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            sudo systemctl enable fail2ban
            <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \u67e5\u770b Fail2ban \u72b6\u6001\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            sudo systemctl status fail2ban
            <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \u5982\u679c\u60f3\u8981\u624b\u52a8\u89e3\u5c01\u67d0\u4e2a IP\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            sudo fail2ban-client set sshd unbanip <IP_ADDRESS>
            <\/code><\/pre>\n\n\n\n
            \u603b\u7ed3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
            Fail2ban<\/strong> \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u6709\u6548\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u3001DDoS \u653b\u51fb\u3001\u6076\u610f\u722c\u866b\u7b49\u5a01\u80c1\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u914d\u7f6e\uff0cFail2ban \u53ef\u4ee5\u81ea\u52a8\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u5c01\u7981\u591a\u6b21\u5931\u8d25\u7684\u767b\u5f55\u5c1d\u8bd5\uff0c\u663e\u8457\u63d0\u5347\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002<\/p>\n\n\n\n
            \u914d\u7f6e Fail2ban \u9700\u8981\u786e\u4fdd\uff1a<\/p>\n\n\n\n
              \n
            1. \u6839\u636e\u670d\u52a1\uff08\u5982 SSH\u3001Nginx\u3001Apache\uff09\u914d\u7f6e jail<\/strong>\uff0c\u8bbe\u7f6e\u76d1\u63a7\u89c4\u5219\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            2. \u81ea\u5b9a\u4e49\u5168\u5c40\u914d\u7f6e\uff0c\u5e76\u6839\u636e\u9700\u6c42\u8c03\u6574\u5c01\u7981\u65f6\u95f4\u3001\u5931\u8d25\u6b21\u6570\u7b49\u8bbe\u7f6e\u3002<\/li>\n\n\n\n
            3. \u914d\u7f6e\u901a\u77e5\u548c\u8b66\u62a5\uff0c\u4ee5\u4fbf\u5728\u653b\u51fb\u53d1\u751f\u65f6\u53ca\u65f6\u54cd\u5e94\u3002<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n
              \u901a\u8fc7\u9002\u5f53\u914d\u7f6e Fail2ban<\/strong>\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4e3a\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e00\u5c42\u989d\u5916\u7684\u9632\u62a4\uff0c\u51cf\u5c11\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u548c\u6076\u610f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7684\u98ce\u9669\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
              Fail2ban \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5f3a\u5927\u7684 Linux \u5b89\u5168\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u4e13\u4e3a\u9632\u6b62\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u548c\u6076\u610f\u653b\u51fb\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5b83\u901a\u8fc7\u76d1\u63a7\u65e5\u5fd7\u6587\u4ef6\uff0c\u81ea\u52a8\u5c01\u7981\u591a\u6b21\u5c1d\u8bd5\u767b\u5f55\u5931\u8d25\u7684 IP \u5730\u5740\u3002Fail2ban \u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u547d\u4ee4\u884c\u5de5\u5177\uff0c\u80fd\u591f\u4fdd\u62a4 SSH\u3001HTTP \u7b49\u670d\u52a1\u514d\u53d7\u66b4\u529b\u7834\u89e3\u3001DDoS \u653b\u51fb\u3001\u6076\u610f\u8bbf\u95ee\u7b49\u5a01\u80c1\u3002 \u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecd Fail2ban \u7684\u5b89\u88c5\u3001\u914d\u7f6e\u548c\u4f7f\u7528\u65b9\u6cd5\uff0c\u5e2e\u52a9\u7ba1\u7406\u5458\u63d0\u9ad8\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u5b89\u5168\u6027\u3002 Fail2ban \u5b89\u88c5 \u5728\u5927\u591a\u6570 Linux \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0cFail2ban \u90fd\u53ef\u4ee5\u901a\u8fc7\u5305\u7ba1\u7406\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u88c5\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728 Debian\/Ubuntu \u7cfb\u7edf\u4e2d\uff0c\u4f7f\u7528\u4ee5\u4e0b\u547d\u4ee4\uff1a sudo apt updatesudo apt install fail2ban \u5bf9\u4e8e CentOS\/RHEL \u7cfb\u7edf\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528\uff1a sudo yum install fail2ban \u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0cFail2ban \u9ed8\u8ba4\u914d\u7f6e\u4f1a\u4f4d\u4e8e \/etc\/fail2ban \u76ee\u5f55\u4e0b\u3002 \u914d\u7f6e Fail2ban 1. jail.conf \u548c jail.local Fail2ban \u7684\u6838\u5fc3\u914d\u7f6e\u6587\u4ef6\u662f jail.conf\uff0c\u5b83\u5305\u542b\u4e86 Fail2ban \u76d1\u63a7\u7684 \u201cjails\u201d …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[191],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4478","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kxy5oby825mc63x"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4478","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4478"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4478\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4481,"href":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4478\/revisions\/4481"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4478"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4478"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/eternalsphere.net\/echoes\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4478"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}